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We are extremely excited to announce that Montreal Art Therapy is coming to Toronto to offer therapy services to children and adolescents in Yorkville, Toronto. We will be offering art therapy and behavioral therapy to children aged 3-12 and art therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy to adolescents and young adults. Our office is just steps from Bay Station. To book an appointment, contact us at info@montrealarttherapy.com and provide us with your contact information and we will offer you an appointment that suits your schedule.

http://www.montrealarttherapy.com/

If you are a parent of a teenager, there is a high chance that the following scenarios are familiar to you:

• When your teenager gives you attitude over everything!
• When your teenager is in constant battle with you and refuses to do what you ask
• When you lose count of the number of times that your teenager says, “You don’t get it”!
• When you walk on eggshells around him/her only to reduce screams, cries, and door slamming.

Our behavioral therapists in Montreal suggest the following tips to improve parent-teen relationships:

• Don’t take their insults personally; this will allow you to remain calm, think rationally, and respond accordingly.
• Set proper boundaries and respect boundaries; boundaries that are too loose or too rigid are problematic in nature. Re-evaluate the boundaries as your kid becomes a teenager.
• Make your expectations clear. Don’t expect that your teenager should know better. Teenagers act like they know it all! But the reality is that they don’t.
• Praise their right acts! Behind every angry teenager lies a kid, who is struggling with self-confidence. While they will never admit to it, they long their parents’ attention, approval, and admiration.

Book a session with our behavioral therapists in Montreal or West Island to learn more about what you can do to better your relationship with your teenage son or daughter.

Visit our website at www.montrealarttherapy.com for contact information and working hours.

What is Anger? Why is It Considered a Normal Emotion?

Anger is a powerful emotional response to perceived threats, injustice, or frustration. It is a natural and essential emotion that has historically played a crucial role in human survival. For early humans, anger triggered a fight-or-flight response, enhancing their ability to defend themselves against predators or hostile situations.

While we may not face the same physical threats today, anger remains a common emotional reaction. However, many feel that society is becoming increasingly angry. But is that true, or does it just seem that way? The perception of growing anger could stem from heightened exposure to anger-inducing content, such as social media rants and news stories, making it feel as if everyone is more frustrated than ever.

What is the Difference Between Anger and Aggressive Behavior?

Anger is a normal emotional state that everyone experiences at some point. It is a natural response to perceived threats or injustices and serves as an emotional signal that something is wrong. However, anger differs significantly from aggressive behavior. While anger is a feeling, aggressive behavior is an action that stems from anger but often leads to harm, whether physical, emotional, or verbal.

Anger can be constructive when expressed healthily, such as through communication or creative outlets. On the other hand, aggressive behavior is destructive, often manifesting as violence, shouting, or abuse, which harms both the individual expressing it and those around them. Recognizing this distinction is vital for managing anger effectively and ensuring it does not escalate into harmful actions.

What Are Some Valid Anger Triggers in Today’s Society?

Several valid triggers for anger exist in our current society, often related to stress, uncertainty, and a lack of control over various circumstances. Rising inflation rates and the increasing cost of living have put immense financial pressure on many, causing frustration and anger over seemingly unending financial struggles. Uncertainty about the future, driven by economic instability, climate change, and political turmoil, also heightens these emotions.

In the GTA, overcrowded neighborhoods and increased population density can lead to conflicts over resources, noise, and personal space, further aggravating tempers. Additionally, a lack of clarity and consistency in immigration policies contributes to feelings of injustice and insecurity for many individuals and families seeking a better life. These triggers, combined with the fast pace of modern life and constant exposure to negative news, create a fertile ground for anger, making it feel like an ever-present emotion. You can find anger management resources at CAMH.

What if I Have Valid Reasons to Be Angry?

Having valid reasons to be angry does not mean you should dismiss or suppress your feelings. Anger is a legitimate emotional response to unfair, unjust, or frustrating situations. Acknowledging your anger is the first step in understanding it. Ask yourself what triggered this emotion and why it is making you feel this way.

Validating your feelings does not give you a license to act destructively, but it allows you to consider healthy ways to address the source of your anger. By accepting your anger, you can channel it into positive actions, such as advocating for change, setting boundaries, or seeking solutions to the underlying problems that caused your anger.

How Can I Express My Anger Without Harming Anyone?

Expressing anger without causing harm involves finding healthy outlets and communication strategies. Start by recognizing the physical signs of anger, such as a racing heart or tense muscles, and use relaxation techniques like deep breathing or mindfulness to calm down. Articulate your feelings using “I” statements, such as “I feel frustrated when…” instead of blaming or accusing others.

Engaging in physical activities like exercise or sports can also help release pent-up anger. Creative outlets, such as writing or drawing, provide a safe space to explore and express your emotions. Remember, the goal is to communicate your anger constructively, allowing you to express your feelings without causing harm to yourself or others.

What is the Role of Psychotherapy in Anger Management?

Psychotherapy plays a crucial role in anger management by helping individuals understand the root causes of their anger and develop anger management strategies to cope with it. Therapists can provide a safe space to explore underlying emotions and patterns contributing to anger, such as past trauma, stress, or learned behaviors. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in anger management, as it helps individuals recognize and change negative thought patterns that fuel anger.

Through therapy, individuals can learn to identify triggers, practice mindfulness techniques, and develop healthier ways to express their emotions. Our psychotherapist in Toronto empower clients to take control of their anger, reducing its impact on their daily lives and relationships.

How Does Art Therapy Help with Anger Management?

Art therapy offers a unique and creative approach to managing anger by allowing individuals to express their emotions through visual art, such as drawing, painting, or sculpting. This non-verbal form of expression can be particularly beneficial for those who struggle to articulate their feelings verbally.

Art therapy helps individuals process and understand their anger, identifying underlying issues that may contribute to emotional outbursts. It also promotes self-awareness, emotional regulation, and relaxation. By engaging in the creative process, individuals can explore their feelings in a safe and non-judgmental environment, fostering a sense of control over their emotions and reducing the likelihood of aggressive behavior. Art therapy transforms anger into a constructive force for personal growth and healing.

Our art therapists in Toronto are trained in providing anger management therapy for children, teenagers, and adults. To book an appointment, contact us here.

Fostering in Ontario has a long history, rooted in the early 20th century when child welfare laws began recognizing the need for state intervention to protect children from abuse and neglect. The foster care system in Ontario aims to provide temporary care and a safe environment for children unable to live with their birth families due to various circumstances, such as parental illness, abuse, or neglect.

According to Statistics Canada, approximately 63,000 children were in foster care across Canada in 2021, with a significant number of these children in Ontario. Among these, Indigenous children are disproportionately represented, making up more than half of the children in foster care, despite representing only 7% of the child population. The emotional struggles faced by foster children, including loss, grief, trauma, and exposure to violence, highlight the critical need for foster parents to access mental health services to help address these complex challenges.

If you’re thinking of becoming a foster parent in Ontario, you can find relative information here.

How Can Foster Parents Help Their Foster Children with Emotion Regulation?

Foster parents can support their foster children in developing emotional regulation skills by providing a safe, predictable environment where children feel secure to express their emotions. It is important to model calm behavior and use positive reinforcement to encourage self-regulation.

Techniques like mindfulness activities, breathing exercises, art and play, and structured routines can help children learn to manage their emotions. Additionally, collaborating with mental health professionals, including art therapy and psychotherapy, to tailor strategies that address specific emotional needs is crucial. Foster parents should also be patient, acknowledging that emotional regulation may be a gradual process for children with a history of trauma or neglect.

How Can I Best Support the Emotional and Behavioral Needs of My Foster Child?

Supporting the emotional and behavioral needs of a foster child involves building trust and establishing a safe, nurturing environment. Be empathetic and understanding of their unique experiences and triggers, and actively listen to their concerns. Maintain consistent routines and set clear, gentle boundaries to create a sense of security. Engage in regular, open communication with the child and encourage them to express their feelings. Collaborate with mental health professionals, such as art therapists and child psychotherapists, and attend relevant training to understand the impact of trauma on behavior and implement appropriate therapeutic strategies.

Ontario Association of Children’s Aid Societies provide provides advocacy, support, and resources to foster parents, including training programs, information on fostering, and links to local support groups.

How Do I Navigate the Challenges of Fostering, Such as Attachment, Reunification, and Adoption?

Navigating the challenges of fostering requires flexibility, empathy, and ongoing support. To foster attachment, spend quality time with the child and provide consistent care. Understand that reunification with birth families, when safe and appropriate, is often the primary goal, and support the child through this process by maintaining open communication and involving them in decisions. If adoption becomes a possibility, prepare for the transition by addressing the child’s feelings of loss and identity and seeking guidance from professionals who specialize in adoption dynamics.

What Are the Signs of Trauma in Foster Children, and How Can I Recognize and Respond to Them Effectively?

Signs of trauma in foster children can include withdrawal, aggression, anxiety, depression, difficulty trusting others, and sudden changes in behavior or mood. Foster parents can recognize trauma by paying close attention to these signs and understanding the child’s triggers.

Responding effectively involves maintaining a calm demeanor, creating a safe space for the child to express emotions, and providing reassurance and consistency. Working closely with mental health professionals (art therapists and child psychotherapists in Toronto) to develop trauma-informed care strategies is essential for supporting healing and recovery.

How Can I Build a Strong, Secure Attachment with My Foster Child Who Has Experienced Early Childhood Trauma or Disrupted Relationships?

Building a strong, secure attachment involves consistent caregiving, patience, and understanding. Provide nurturing interactions that demonstrate safety and reliability, such as comforting the child when distressed, engaging in positive physical touch (if appropriate), and maintaining eye contact. Validate the child’s feelings and encourage open communication. Create opportunities for bonding through shared activities and routines.

Understanding the impact of trauma on attachment and working with professionals trained in attachment-based therapies can help foster parents develop effective strategies to strengthen their bond with their foster child. Art therapists in Toronto are often trained in providing trauma-informed therapy for children and teenagers.

How Can Art Therapy Help Children in Foster Care?

Art therapy can be a powerful tool for children in foster care to express emotions that may be too difficult to verbalize. It provides a non-threatening way for children to explore their feelings of loss, grief, trauma, and fear. Through creative activities such as drawing, painting, and sculpting, children can process their experiences and begin to make sense of their emotions. Art therapy can also help build self-esteem and promote emotional regulation, offering a sense of control and mastery over their world.

What Are the Benefits of Psychotherapy for Children in Foster Care?

Psychotherapy offers children in foster care a safe space to explore and understand their feelings, behaviors, and experiences. It helps them develop coping strategies for managing stress, trauma, and anxiety. Through individual or group sessions, children can learn to build trust, improve social skills, and foster healthier relationships. Psychotherapy also provides an opportunity to work through attachment issues and build resilience, ultimately supporting their emotional well-being and improving their overall quality of life.

To book an appointment with an art therapist in Toronto, contact us here.

Starting a new school year is a significant life transition for children, one that often comes with a mix of excitement and anxiety. After the long, carefree days of summer, the return to a structured school routine can be both a welcome change and a challenging adjustment. For many children, the shift from the relaxed, flexible schedules of summer to the more rigid demands of school life can evoke a range of emotions.

 It’s normal for children to experience nervousness, restlessness, or even reluctance as they face new teachers, classmates, and academic expectations. The breaking of summer routines—sleeping in, spontaneous playdates, and unstructured time—requires children to adapt quickly to the predictability and discipline that school routines demand. This transition period can be particularly stressful as children recalibrate their internal clocks and mental focus. 

However, it’s important to remember that these reactions are a natural part of the adjustment process. With patience, understanding, and supportive routines at home, children can navigate this transition more smoothly, gradually embracing the new school year with confidence and a sense of readiness. Establishing consistent daily routines and providing reassurance can help ease the process, making the return to school a positive and manageable experience.

How can I help my child transition smoothly into the new school year?

The start of a new school year can be both exciting and challenging for children. 

To help your child transition smoothly into the new school year, consider the following steps:

Establish a Consistent Routine:

  - Set specific times for waking up, meals, homework, and bedtime.

  - This creates a sense of security and predictability.

Discuss the School Day:

  - Talk about what the school day will be like.

  - Focus on positive aspects, such as seeing friends and learning new things.

Visit the School Before It Starts:

  - Arrange a visit to the school prior to the first day.

  - This can ease anxiety, especially if your child is attending a new school.

Encourage Open Communication:

  - Allow your child to express their feelings and listen to their concerns without judgment.

Validate Emotions and Provide Reassurance:

  - Acknowledge that it's normal to feel a mix of excitement and nervousness.

  - Offer comfort and support to help them understand their emotions are valid.

Engage in Confidence-Boosting Activities:

  - Read books about starting school together.

  - Role-play classroom scenarios to build familiarity.

  - Organize a fun back-to-school shopping trip to make them feel prepared and excited.

Prepare Emotionally and Practically:

  - By addressing both emotional and practical aspects, you can ease the transition and set a positive tone for the school year.

What are effective ways to help my child manage school-related stress?

School-related stress can manifest in various ways, from irritability to sleep disturbances. To help your child manage this stress, create a supportive environment at home where they feel comfortable discussing their worries. Encourage open communication by asking specific questions about their day, like "What was something fun you did today?" or "Is there anything that made you feel worried?" 

Teaching your child stress-management techniques such as deep breathing exercises, mindfulness, or engaging in physical activities can also be beneficial. Establishing a regular homework routine can prevent last-minute cramming, which is a common source of stress. 

Additionally, ensure your child has a balanced schedule with time for play, rest, and extracurricular activities they enjoy. If the stress seems overwhelming or persistent, consider talking to a school counselor or seeking professional support, such as art therapy, which can provide a creative outlet for expressing and managing emotions.

How can I support my child’s academic growth during the school year?

Supporting your child’s academic growth involves more than just monitoring their grades. Encourage a love of learning by making education a part of everyday life. This can be done by reading together, visiting museums, or discussing interesting topics at the dinner table. Stay in regular communication with your child’s teachers to understand their academic progress and areas that may need extra attention. 

Help your child develop effective study habits, such as setting specific goals, taking breaks during study sessions, and reviewing material regularly instead of cramming. Encourage your child to ask questions and explore topics that interest them, which fosters a growth mindset. Additionally, provide a conducive environment for studying, free from distractions, and equipped with the necessary materials. Remember to celebrate your child’s achievements, no matter how small, as this boosts their confidence and motivation. Your involvement and encouragement play a crucial role in your child’s academic success.

What can I do if my child is struggling with making friends at school?

If your child is struggling to make friends at school, it’s important to approach the situation with empathy and patience. Start by having open conversations about their social experiences and feelings. Encourage your child to express what they enjoy about certain activities and which ones they might want to participate in, as shared interests often lead to friendships. 

Reyhane Namdari (RP), an art therapist practicing in downtown Toronto offers the following recommendations to help your child who is struggling in making friendships: “Consider arranging playdates with classmates outside of school to help your child build connections in a more relaxed environment. Role-playing different social scenarios can help your child develop the confidence to approach new peers and engage in conversations”. 

Teach your child the importance of kindness, listening, and respecting others' boundaries, which are key elements in forming healthy relationships. If social difficulties persist, it may be helpful to consult with their teacher or school counselor for additional support. They can offer insights into your child’s social interactions at school and may provide strategies or opportunities for them to build friendships in a structured setting.

Consider seeing an art therapist in Toronto for your child if you notice that your child lacks self-esteem or self-confidence, which are important factors in making a friend.

How can I ensure my child maintains a healthy work-life balance during the school year?

Maintaining a healthy work-life balance for your child is essential for their overall well-being. Start by setting clear boundaries between schoolwork and leisure time. Establish a homework routine that allows your child to complete their assignments efficiently without feeling rushed. Ensure they have time each day to engage in physical activities, hobbies, and relaxation, as these are important for mental and emotional health. 

Encourage your child to participate in extracurricular activities they enjoy, but be mindful of not overloading their schedule. Teach them the importance of taking breaks and not feeling guilty about having downtime. Promote good sleep hygiene by setting a consistent bedtime and limiting screen time before bed, as adequate rest is crucial for their academic performance and emotional regulation. By modeling a balanced lifestyle yourself and prioritizing both academic and personal growth, you can help your child develop habits that support a healthy work-life balance.

How can parents deal with separation anxiety on the first day of school?

Dealing with separation anxiety on the first day of school can be challenging for both parents and children. It’s important to acknowledge your child’s feelings and reassure them that it’s okay to feel nervous. Establish a positive goodbye routine, such as a special hug or a phrase, to create a sense of security. Keep the goodbye short and positive; lingering can increase anxiety. 

Let your child know when you’ll be back or when you’ll see them again, helping them understand that the separation is temporary. You can also give them a small object to remind them of home, like a keychain or a note in their lunchbox. If your child is particularly anxious, consider gradually easing them into the school environment by visiting the school together before the start day. Encourage your child to express their feelings and listen empathetically. If separation anxiety persists, seek support from the teacher or school counselor, who can provide additional strategies or reassurance to help your child adjust. Remember, most children overcome separation anxiety within the first few weeks of school.

Consider seeing an art therapist in Toronto before the start of the school year, to help address your child’s anxiety about starting school.

How can parents prepare their anxious children for school?

Preparing an anxious child for school requires a thoughtful approach that combines emotional support with practical preparation. Begin by discussing school openly and positively, addressing any specific fears or concerns your child may have. Visit the school together before it starts, allowing your child to become familiar with the environment, meet the teacher, and locate their classroom and other important areas like the restroom or playground. 

Establishing a routine at home that mimics the school day can also help ease anxiety, as it provides structure and predictability. Encourage your child to express their feelings through art, writing, or talking, and reassure them that it’s okay to feel anxious. Reading books about school or role-playing typical school day scenarios can make the experience more familiar and less intimidating. 

Ensure your child gets plenty of rest, eats a healthy breakfast, and feels prepared with all necessary school supplies, as physical well-being plays a significant role in managing anxiety. Finally, reinforce your confidence in their ability to handle the school day, reminding them that they are capable and that you are there to support them every step of the way.

Art therapy is a great way for children to express their anxiety provoking thoughts, and explore feelings of stress and anxiety. Given the non-verbal aspect of art making, children are not forced to use words in explaining “why they feel anxious?”. Rather, they are welcomed in exploring the feelings through art interventions, play, and creativity. 

Contact an art therapist in Toronto at Admin@therapediacentre.com or by calling 416-877-0137

While the belief in the 1980s was that the impact of divorce is profound and can persist into adulthood, influencing children's emotional well-being, relationships, and even physical health, these ideas began facing challenges primarily in the late 1990s and early 2000s. New research suggested that many children are resilient and can adapt well after divorce, especially with early therapeutic support. Other researchers highlighted that the context of the divorce and interventions like therapy (including art therapy and play therapy) can significantly reduce its negative impact on children. This debate continues to evolve with more recent research.

How does divorce impact infants?

Infants do not understand the concept of divorce or the reasons behind the changes happening around them. However, they are highly sensitive to changes in their environment and routines. They may react to divorce by showing signs of distress, such as increased fussiness or clinginess, as they pick up on the emotional and physical absence of a parent and the overall stress in the household.

Parents can help their infants by maintaining a consistent routine for their emotional security.

What are common reactions of toddlers (1-3 years old) to divorce?

Toddlers (1-3 years old) commonly react to divorce with increased clinginess, crying, and tantrums as they sense changes in their environment and the emotional atmosphere around them. They may also regress to earlier behaviors, such as wanting a bottle or having difficulties with toilet training. These reactions are their way of coping with the stress and uncertainty caused by the changes in their family structure.

Parents can help their toddlers by providing extra attention and consistent routines to feel secure.

How do preschoolers typically respond to their parents' divorce?

Preschoolers (typically ages 3-5) often react to their parents' divorce with feelings of guilt, thinking they might be responsible for the separation. They may also experience anxiety, have nightmares, and show signs of regression, such as bed-wetting. Preschoolers need reassurance and clear explanations and open communication to know that the divorce is not their fault.

What challenges do school-age children face during divorce?

School-age children (typically ages 6-12) often experience feelings of abandonment, anger, and loyalty conflicts during their parents' divorce. They might blame one parent for the separation and struggle with feelings of loss and sadness. These emotions can lead to behavioral issues at home and school, including trouble concentrating, withdrawal, or acting out. School-age children benefit from open communication, reassurance, and stability to help them navigate the changes.

  Similar to preschoolers, school-age children need to feel secure and understand the divorce isn’t their fault.

How can parents help children of all ages cope with divorce?

Parents can help children of all ages cope with divorce by maintaining consistent routines, providing plenty of reassurance and physical affection, and keeping communication open and age-appropriate. Minimizing exposure to parental conflict and working together as co-parents to create a stable environment are also crucial. Seeking support, such as art therapy and counseling, can further assist children in processing their emotions and adjusting to the changes.

How can art therapy help children of divorce?

Art therapy and play therapy are highly effective in helping children of divorce process their emotions and adjust to the significant changes in their family dynamics. These therapeutic approaches allow children to express their feelings in a non-verbal, creative way, which can be particularly beneficial for those who struggle with articulating complex emotions verbally. 

Art therapists in Toronto help children externalize their thoughts and feelings, making them more manageable, while play therapy provides a safe space for them to explore and understand their emotions through play. Art therapy (and play therapy) are developmentally appropriate and tailored to meet the individual needs of each child, helping them build resilience and cope more effectively with the stress and uncertainty that often accompany divorce.

How can Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) help children of divorce? 

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT is one of the approaches that can be used to help children of divorce. CBT is highlighted for its effectiveness in addressing the negative thought patterns and behaviors that children might develop in response to the emotional stress of divorce. 

CBT therapists in Toronto focus on helping children understand and challenge their thoughts and beliefs related to the divorce, ultimately leading to healthier emotional responses and coping strategies. By working through CBT, children can learn to manage their emotions, reduce anxiety, and build resilience during the difficult transition period following their parents' divorce. CBT is especially helpful for school aged children.

In sum, Divorce affects children differently depending on their age. Consistency, reassurance, and open communication are key to helping children cope during and after divorce. Early age interventions, such as art therapy, play therapy, and psychotherapy can help children learn coping skills and express their emotions in a healthy and adaptive way.

To book an appointment with one of our art therapists, contact us here!

Understanding Cognitive Changes in Seniors

As individuals age, their cognitive functions often undergo significant changes. These changes can vary greatly from person to person, but some common patterns are frequently observed. One of the most notable changes is a general slowing of cognitive processes, which can affect memory, attention, and problem-solving abilities. Seniors might experience difficulties with short-term memory, making it harder to remember recent events or learn new information. Attention spans may decrease, and multitasking can become more challenging.

Additionally, there is often a decline in executive functions, which include skills such as planning, organizing, and managing time effectively. However, not all cognitive changes are negative; some seniors maintain a high level of cognitive function well into their later years, particularly those who engage in mentally stimulating activities. Understanding these cognitive changes is crucial in developing effective interventions, such as art therapy, to support cognitive health in seniors.

What Are the Psychological Issues in Seniors?

Seniors can experience significant psychological issues, including anxiety and depression, due to various life changes such as retirement, changes in physical abilities, and shifts in family dynamics. Retirement can lead to a loss of identity and purpose, as well as a decrease in social interactions, which can contribute to feelings of isolation and sadness.

Changes in physical abilities can be particularly distressing, as they often limit independence and increase reliance on others for daily activities. Additionally, changes in family structure, such as the loss of a spouse or the relocation of children, can further exacerbate feelings of loneliness and depression. Geriatric depression is a specific type of depression that occurs in older adults and is often underdiagnosed. It can manifest as persistent sadness, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, and changes in sleep and appetite.

What Are the Recommended Cognitive Activities for Seniors?

Engaging seniors in meaningful activities is essential for their mental and emotional well-being. Activities that involve a higher level of creativity and optimize the use of essential components, such as art education, reminiscence, art processing, cognitive evaluation, art crafts/modelling, and socialization, are highly recommended. Examples include:

– Art Classes: Participating in structured art education programs where seniors can learn new techniques and express themselves creatively.

– Reminiscence Therapy: Using art to evoke and discuss memories, helping seniors to connect with their past and share their stories.

– Craft Workshops: Engaging in hands-on activities like pottery, knitting, or painting, which enhance fine motor skills and provide a sense of accomplishment.

– Social Art Groups: Joining group activities that combine art-making with socialization, fostering a sense of community and reducing feelings of isolation.

– Cognitive Art Tasks: Activities designed to challenge cognitive functions, such as puzzles or detailed drawing exercises, that stimulate the brain.

What Are the Benefits of Art Therapy for Seniors?

Seniors can significantly benefit from art therapy in various ways. Art therapy provides a creative outlet for self-expression, which can be particularly valuable for those who have difficulty articulating their emotions verbally. It helps in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression by promoting relaxation and providing a sense of achievement. Engaging in art therapy can also enhance cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving skills, by stimulating different areas of the brain.

Furthermore, the social aspect of group art therapy sessions fosters a sense of community and belonging, which is crucial for emotional well-being in seniors. Art therapy also allows seniors to explore and process their feelings about aging, loss, and life transitions in a supportive environment.

Can Art Therapy Improve Cognitive Functions in Seniors?

Research has shown that art therapy can improve cognitive functions in seniors. One study found that seniors who participated in regular art therapy sessions showed significant improvements in cognitive performance compared to those who did not engage in such activities. Art therapy activities, such as guided painting sessions and collaborative art projects, help stimulate brain areas responsible for memory and executive functions. For example, creating a detailed piece of artwork can improve attention to detail and enhance problem-solving skills, while group projects can foster social interactions and enhance memory through shared experiences and discussions.

Finding an Art Therapist in Toronto for Seniors

Seniors in Toronto have several options for finding an art therapist. Community centers such as the Bernard Betel Centre offer art therapy programs specifically designed for older adults. Seniors’ residences, like Revera Retirement Living, often provide in-house art therapy sessions as part of their wellness programs.

Private art therapy centers, such as Therapedia Centre, offer personalized sessions tailored to individual needs. They are offer art therapy services to seniors residences and retirement houses.

Additionally, Toronto is home to several Art Hives, such as the Parkdale Art Hive and the Creative Works Studio, which provide open, inclusive spaces for seniors to engage in creative activities and connect with others in the community. These resources offer valuable opportunities for seniors to explore the benefits of art therapy and enhance their overall well-being.

To ask about our individual art therapy sessions for seniors in Toronto or to find out about the art therapy groups and workshops for seniors, contact us here.

The Joys and Realities of First-Time Motherhood

Welcoming a new baby into the world is a magical experience, brimming with excitement, love, and anticipation. The first coos, the tiny fingers grasping yours, and the indescribable bond you feel from the moment you hold your child are moments to cherish forever. However, amidst the joy and wonder, there lies a whirlwind of new challenges that first-time mothers often face. 

From the sleepless nights to the unexpected emotional rollercoaster, the journey of motherhood is as demanding as it is rewarding. While every smile and giggle makes the heart swell, it’s essential to acknowledge the realities of this life-changing transition. 

Balancing the thrill of becoming a parent with the practicalities and pressures of newborn care is no small feat. Let’s delve into the exciting yet eye-opening world of first-time motherhood, where every day is a blend of love, learning, and a few surprises along the way.

What Are The Main Challenges of First-Time Mothers?

Becoming a mother for the first time is a transformative experience filled with joy, but it also presents a range of challenges. One of the primary challenges is adjusting to the new role and identity. The transition to motherhood involves significant lifestyle changes, often leading to feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt as women strive to meet societal and personal expectations of being a "perfect" mother. Here are more examples of what is often reported by first time mothers as challenges:

Sleep deprivation: is another significant issue. Newborns require constant care, leading to interrupted sleep patterns, which can result in chronic fatigue and impact both physical and mental health. This lack of sleep can exacerbate feelings of irritability and stress, making it harder to cope with daily tasks.

Breastfeeding: can also be challenging. Many new mothers face difficulties such as latching problems, pain, and concerns about milk supply. This can lead to frustration and anxiety, especially when coupled with societal pressure to breastfeed exclusively.

Emotional and hormonal changes: are another hurdle. Postpartum hormonal shifts can cause mood swings, anxiety, and even postpartum depression, affecting a mother's ability to bond with her baby and enjoy the early months of motherhood.

social isolationis a common challenge. The demands of caring for a newborn can limit social interactions, leading to feelings of loneliness. Support systems, such as family, friends, and parenting groups, are crucial in providing emotional support and practical advice.

What Are the Common Mental Health Issues Faced by Pregnant Women?

1. Anxiety

   - Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Many pregnant women experience increased worry about their health, the baby’s health, childbirth, and future parenting.

   - Panic Disorder:Pregnant women may experience panic attacks characterized by sudden, intense episodes of fear.

2. Depression

   - Prenatal Depression:Symptoms include persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in sleep and appetite, and difficulty concentrating. It can be triggered by hormonal changes, stress, and pre-existing mental health conditions.

3. Body Image Issues

   - Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD): Concerns about body changes during pregnancy can lead to BDD, where the individual has a distorted view of their body and obsessively worries about perceived flaws.

4. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

   - Pregnancy-Related OCD: This includes intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors related to the baby’s health and safety, cleanliness, and orderliness.

5. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

   - Previous Trauma:Women with a history of trauma, including previous childbirth trauma or sexual abuse, may experience PTSD symptoms during pregnancy.

6. Bipolar Disorder

   - Mood Swings: Pregnancy can trigger episodes of mania or depression in women with bipolar disorder, requiring careful management and treatment.

What Are the Common Mental Health Issues Faced by New Mothers?

1. Postpartum Depression (PPD)

   - Symptoms includes severe sadness, hopelessness, feelings of worthlessness, and an inability to care for the baby. PPD can develop within the first few weeks after childbirth and can last for months if untreated.

2. Postpartum Anxiety

   - Symptoms includes excessive worrying about the baby’s health and safety, irritability, difficulty sleeping, and physical symptoms like palpitations and dizziness.

3. Adjustment Disorders

   - Symptoms: Difficulty adjusting to the new role as a mother, leading to stress, sadness, and anxiety. This can include feelings of inadequacy and guilt.

5. Sleep Disorders

   - Insomnia and Fatigue:New mothers often experience sleep deprivation, which can exacerbate mental health issues like depression and anxiety.

6. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

   - Postpartum OCD: New mothers may experience intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors centered around the baby’s safety, such as constant checking and cleaning.

7. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

   - Birth Trauma:** Difficult or traumatic childbirth experiences can lead to PTSD, with symptoms including flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety.

How To Support The Mental Health in Pregnant Women and New Mothers?

- Education and Awareness: Educating women about the potential mental health issues they might face during pregnancy and postpartum is crucial. These days, access to information is fairly easy in many parts of the world. However, the role of traditional teachings (from elders to youth) is undeniable. 

- Screening and Early Intervention: Regular mental health screenings during prenatal and postnatal check-ups can help in early identification and treatment. While it is difficult to monitor the mood swings and changes in emotions and thoughts, it is important to practice checking in with one-self. The role of a supportive partner or a relative is undeniable.

- Support Systems: Encouraging a strong support network, including family, friends, and support groups, can provide emotional and practical help. Reaching out to family and friends, accepting their offerings, and being open to having discussions about the new life and the changes in emotions and thoughts are helpful.

- Professional Help: Counseling, therapy, and, if necessary, medication can significantly improve mental health outcomes. If you find that dealing with the changes in mood, thoughts, and emotions are impacting the quality of your life, find a psychotherapist near you or a psychotherapist who offers online sessions in Toronto.

o book an appointment with a psychotherapist in Toronto, contact us here.

In today’s fast-paced society, where technology reigns supreme and instant gratification is the norm, maintaining focus and attention has become increasingly challenging for individuals of all ages. Amidst the constant barrage of notifications, emails, and social media updates, the ability to concentrate on tasks and engage fully in meaningful interactions has become a precious commodity. This reality is further compounded for those navigating life with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), where the struggle to stay focused and organized is heightened by the relentless demands of modern living.

Fast Paced Societies And Lack of Focus

In the digital age, where information is readily accessible at our fingertips and communication occurs at lightning speed, the pace of life has accelerated exponentially. From bustling city streets to bustling virtual environments, the constant buzz of activity and stimulation can overwhelm even the most focused individuals. The ubiquitous presence of smartphones, tablets, and computers has revolutionized how we work, socialize, and entertain ourselves, but it has also contributed to a culture of distraction and impatience.

The allure of instant gratification permeates every aspect of modern life, fueling our desire for quick fixes and immediate rewards. Whether it’s scrolling through social media feeds, binge-watching streaming services, or indulging in online shopping, the temptation to seek instant pleasure is ever-present. However, this relentless pursuit of instant gratification comes at a cost, eroding our ability to delay gratification, sustain focus, and engage in deep, meaningful pursuits.

Moreover, the prevalence of multitasking, driven by the belief that we can juggle multiple tasks simultaneously, has become a badge of honor in today’s society. Yet, research suggests that multitasking actually undermines productivity and impairs cognitive performance, leading to decreased attention span and increased stress levels. The incessant need to switch between tasks and stimuli not only fragments our focus but also diminishes our capacity for sustained concentration and deep thinking.

In this hyperconnected world, where distractions abound and the pressure to keep up is relentless, the ability to maintain focus and attention has become a precious commodity. For individuals with ADD, who already grapple with inherent challenges in regulating attention and managing impulsivity, navigating this fast-paced, technology-driven landscape can feel like an uphill battle.

As we delve deeper into the complexities of living with ADD in today’s society, it becomes evident that the convergence of fast-paced living and digital distractions poses significant obstacles to maintaining focus, productivity, and overall well-being. However, amidst these challenges lies the opportunity to cultivate mindfulness, embrace intentional living, and reclaim control over our attention in an increasingly distracted world.

Difficulties of Adult ADD: How It Impacts Your Job, Relationships, and Friendships

Living with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) as an adult presents unique challenges that extend beyond the workplace, affecting relationships and friendships as well. Let’s delve into how ADD influences these areas and explore effective strategies for managing its impact.

What Is The Impact Of ADD on Adults Professional Life?

Adults with ADD often struggle in professional settings where tasks require meticulous organization, sustained focus, and effective time management. Whether it’s managing meetings, leading teams, or attending to emails, the demands of a typical workday can feel overwhelming and draining for individuals with ADD.

Consider a scenario where a project manager with ADD is tasked with overseeing a complex project. Despite possessing the necessary skills and knowledge, their ADD symptoms may manifest as forgetfulness, impulsivity, and difficulty prioritizing tasks. As a result, deadlines may be missed, important details overlooked, and productivity compromised.

What Are The Effective Strategies To Manage ADD Symptoms in Adults?

Take Notes: Adopt a systematic approach to task management by keeping detailed notes. Whether it’s jotting down meeting agendas, project milestones, or action items, having a written record helps mitigate forgetfulness and ensures important tasks are not overlooked.

Create a To-Do List:*Start each day with a clear roadmap of tasks to accomplish. Prioritize tasks based on urgency and importance, and systematically check them off as they’re completed. Regularly reviewing and updating the to-do list keeps you focused and on track throughout the day.

Practice Mindfulness: Incorporate mindfulness exercises into your daily routine to center yourself and reduce feelings of overwhelm. Taking short breaks to engage in meditation, deep breathing, or grounding techniques can help calm the mind and improve focus and productivity. Art therapy techniques can also help practice mindfulness. You can read about the use of art therapy for ADD and ADHD here.

Take Regular Breaks:Recognize the importance of downtime in maintaining productivity and mental well-being. Schedule regular breaks throughout the day to recharge your batteries, whether it’s enjoying a cup of tea mindfully, going for a brief walk, or engaging in light stretching exercises.

You can find out more strategies for ADD symptom management here.

What Are the Impact of ADD on Adult Relationships and Friendships?

In addition to work-related challenges, ADD can significantly impact personal relationships and friendships. Individuals with ADD may struggle with maintaining attention during conversations, remembering important dates or commitments, and managing impulsivity, all of which can strain relationships over time.

Imagine a couple where one partner has ADD. Despite their best intentions, the partner with ADD may frequently forget anniversaries, arrive late to social engagements, or struggle to follow through on promises. This can lead to feelings of frustration, resentment, and misunderstanding within the relationship.

Similarly, friendships may suffer as individuals with ADD struggle to maintain consistent communication, keep plans, or engage in reciprocal social interactions. Friends may feel neglected or overlooked, leading to strained relationships and potential misunderstandings.

Here Are Some Effective Strategies for Couples and Friends to Manage ADD Symptoms:

Open Communication: Foster open and honest communication within relationships to discuss the challenges associated with ADD. Encourage dialogue about individual needs, preferences, and strategies for managing symptoms effectively.

Set Realistic Expectations: Establish realistic expectations for each other based on an understanding of ADD symptoms and their impact. Recognize that occasional forgetfulness or impulsivity is not a reflection of lack of care but rather a symptom of ADD.

Implement Structure and Routine: Create structure and routine within the relationship to help individuals with ADD stay organized and focused. Utilize shared calendars, reminders, and checklists to manage responsibilities and commitments effectively.

Practice Patience and Empathy: Cultivate patience and empathy towards each other’s struggles and limitations. Understand that managing ADD requires ongoing effort and support, and be willing to provide encouragement and understanding during challenging times.

Seek Psychotherapy: Consider seeking professional support through psychotherapy, either individually or as a couple, to address the emotional and interpersonal challenges associated with ADD. A skilled therapist can provide valuable insights, coping strategies, and emotional support to navigate relationship dynamics and enhance communication skills. Therapy can also help couples and friends develop effective problem-solving strategies and cultivate greater empathy and understanding towards each other’s experiences.

In conclusion, navigating adult life with ADD requires proactive strategies and a supportive environment. By implementing effective coping mechanisms and fostering understanding and empathy within relationships, individuals with ADD can thrive both personally and professionally.

Grief Therapy for Indigenous Peoples

The history of First Nations in Canada is marked by layers of intergenerational trauma, stemming from centuries of colonization, forced assimilation, and systemic injustices. This trauma is not just a relic of the past but continues to affect new generations through psychological, social, and cultural channels. The emotional reactions to such deep and prolonged trauma are complex and varied, encompassing sadness, anger, loss of identity, and notably, grief. Grief emerges not only from personal losses but also as a collective response to the cultural and societal upheaval experienced by entire communities.

Is grief a normal reaction to trauma?

Grief is a profoundly normal and human reaction to trauma, especially within First Nations communities where collective and personal histories are deeply intertwined. Trauma often involves loss — whether of loved ones, culture, language, or autonomy — and grief is the emotional processing of these losses. In Indigenous contexts, where community and identity are tightly knit, grief can manifest as a communal expression, reflecting not only personal pain but a shared sense of loss and longing for what has been eroded by historical injustices.

Why is it important to address past trauma?

Addressing past trauma is crucial for healing and rebuilding Indigenous communities. Unresolved trauma can perpetuate cycles of pain and dysfunction, affecting individuals’ well-being and community health. Recognizing and confronting these historical wounds allows for a collective understanding and acknowledgment, which are foundational to healing. It also enables the restoration of cultural practices and identities that have been suppressed or lost. Healing from trauma restores strength to community bonds and empowers individuals to engage positively with their heritage and future.

How can adults heal from intergenerational trauma?

Healing from intergenerational trauma in adult members of First Nations communities involves multiple pathways. Culturally relevant practices such as traditional ceremonies, storytelling, and community gatherings play a critical role in reconnecting individuals with their roots and offering collective support. Additionally, access to counseling and mental health services that respect and incorporate Indigenous perspectives and practices can provide the necessary tools to work through trauma. Community-led initiatives and support groups are also vital, as they foster a sense of belonging and collective resilience.

How does the intergenerational trauma impact parenting styles?

Intergenerational trauma can significantly impact parenting styles within Indigenous families. Parents who have experienced trauma may struggle with emotional availability or display heightened protectiveness, which can stem from fears of cultural loss or personal trauma reoccurrence. This can affect their children’s emotional development and stress management. However, with awareness and support, parenting can also become a powerful avenue for healing, as parents consciously integrate traditional values and practices that promote resilience and cultural pride in their children.

How does psychotherapy help treat trauma in adults?

Psychotherapy, particularly when adapted to acknowledge and integrate Indigenous cultures and histories, can be an effective tool for healing trauma in adults. Therapies that are respectful of and tailored to the unique experiences of First Nations individuals can help address the root causes of trauma, including historical and cultural factors. Techniques like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or trauma-focused therapy can help individuals reframe negative thoughts, work through traumatic memories, and develop healthier coping mechanisms, aiding in personal recovery and empowerment.

How does art therapy help treat trauma in adults?

Art therapy offers a unique and powerful means for individuals to express and process complex emotions associated with trauma. For many Indigenous adults, engaging in art can be a way to reconnect with traditional crafts and cultural expressions, providing a bridge to cultural identity and history. Art therapy facilitates non-verbal communication, which can be particularly useful for expressing deep-seated or previously unarticulated experiences and emotions. Through creating art, individuals can explore personal and collective narratives, fostering healing and understanding within a supportive environment.

Through understanding and addressing the profound grief that results from intergenerational trauma, First Nations communities can continue to move forward on a path of healing and resurgence, reclaiming their strength and cultural integrity.

Here is the link to a few First Nations organizations in Toronto that offer art therapy, psychotherapy, and other supports to First Nations in downtown Toronto.

Native Child And Family Services of Toronto

Native Canadian Centre of Toronto

Native Women’s Resources Centre

Therapedia Centre is also offering free art therapy for Indigenous children and free psychotherapy for Indigenous teenagers and adults in Toronto. Our art therapists and psychotherapists in Toronto work from a cultural lens with their clients, with a goal of helping clients regain their power and strength to overcome difficult situations.

To book an appointment with one of our psychotherapists in Toronto, contact us here.

Each year, Canada welcomes a significant number of refugees, contributing to its multicultural society. Among these newcomers, a considerable portion are children, with estimates suggesting that around 20% of the refugee population comprises minors. These children come from diverse backgrounds, often fleeing their home countries due to war, violence, persecution, or natural disasters.

The Impact of Refuge on Children’s Mental Health

The experience of seeking refuge can profoundly affect a child’s mental health. The trauma of losing a home, witnessing violence, or surviving a disaster can lead to lasting psychological impacts. Children may experience anxiety, depression, and develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The disruption of their familiar environment and the uncertainty of their future can also contribute to emotional distress. Addressing these issues early is crucial for their long-term well-being.

Perceptions and Expressions of Trauma Among Refugee Children

Children perceive and react to trauma differently from adults. Younger children may not fully understand the events but can feel the emotions of those around them, often sensing fear and distress. Older children might grasp the situation better but could feel overwhelmed and powerless.

Refugee children express their emotions through various outlets. Art, theatre, music, and play are vital channels for them. For instance, drawing or painting can illustrate fears and hopes without the need for words. Theatre and role-playing allow them to reenact experiences and emotions, providing a safe space to explore feelings. Music offers a form of emotional release, and play enables them to process complex emotions in a controlled environment.

The Role of Art Therapy for Refugee Children 

Art therapy is an effective tool for helping children heal from trauma. It utilizes creative processes to improve mental health and emotional well-being. Through art, children can externalize their internal experiences, often too difficult to articulate in words. Our art therapist in Toronto can support emotional regulation, reduce symptoms of stress, and can profoundly help those with PTSD by providing a non-verbal outlet for expression and coping.

Benefits of Play Therapy for Refugee Children

Play therapy offers another therapeutic avenue for refugee children in Toronto by helping them express themselves and make sense of traumatic experiences. In play therapy, children use toys and games to represent their experiences and emotions. This method can be particularly effective because it allows children to take control of the narrative, often reversing feelings of helplessness. Our art therapists in Toronto, who apply play therapy techniques, have noticed that play therapy can significantly decrease anxiety and depression symptoms, aiding children in coping with trauma more effectively.

Free Mental Health Programs for Refugee Children in Toronto

Toronto provides several free mental health programs tailored specifically for refugee children. These programs include counseling, community support groups, and school-based initiatives, often available through local non-profits, healthcare institutions, and specialized services like the Canadian Centre for Victims of Torture and Centre for Refugee Children.

Free Art Therapy for Refugee Children in Toronto

In Toronto, refugee children have access to free art therapy services through various community organizations and public health initiatives. Programs are designed to be culturally sensitive and accessible, ensuring that children from different backgrounds can benefit from these therapeutic interventions without financial barriers. Moreover, psychotherapists in Toronto can offer free therapy services to refugee claimants with an active UCI number. Parents can inform psychotherapists or art therapists in Toronto about their refugee status and free psychotherapy services through the IFHP program.

The Importance of Early Intervention

Addressing childhood trauma early is vital. Early therapeutic intervention can prevent the progression of psychological issues and improve a child’s developmental trajectory. Effective early treatment can mitigate the risk of more severe mental health problems later in life, such as chronic anxiety and depression. Given that children often don’t have the advanced vocabulary to express and explore their traumatic experiences verbally, physicians and pediatricians recommend art therapy to help heal trauma in children.

Eligibility for Free Mental Health Services in Toronto

Refugee children in Toronto are eligible for free mental health services provided they have refugee status (active UCI number) or are under humanitarian protection. These services are crucial in helping them adjust to a new life while dealing with past traumas, ensuring they have the support necessary to thrive in their new environment.

Toronto’s commitment to providing these essential services highlights its role as a sanctuary city that not only shelters refugees but actively supports their integration and well-being. By addressing the unique challenges faced by refugee children, Toronto continues to build a compassionate and inclusive community for all its residents.

Psychotherapists who work in private practice are another source of providing mental health support for children. Inform the psychotherapy offices in Toronto of your child’s refugee status and ask about their availability to offer art therapy to your child.

In the intricate dance of human connections, the steps are often learned early in life. Childhood attachment, the emotional bond that develops between a child and their caregiver, is a powerful predictor of the quality and nature of our adult relationships. This blog delves into the essence of attachment styles, their long-term impact, and the paths toward nurturing healthier relationships across all stages of life.

What is an Attachment Style?

Attachment style refers to the pattern of bonding an individual forms in early childhood, which typically manifests in their approach to relationships in adulthood. Stemming from British psychologist John Bowlby's Attachment Theory, these styles are categorized into secure, anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant. Each style reflects how individuals view themselves and others in the context of close relationships, influencing their emotional responses, behaviors, and expectations in adulthood.

How Does Our Childhood Attachment Style Impact Our Adult Relationships?

Our early attachment experiences lay the groundwork for our 'internal working models'—beliefs and expectations about ourselves, others, and the nature of relationships. A secure attachment style fosters confidence, resilience, and the ability to form healthy, supportive relationships. Conversely, insecure attachment styles (anxious, avoidant, or fearful) can lead to challenges such as trust issues, fear of intimacy, or an excessive need for independence or reassurance in adult relationships. Recognizing these patterns is the first step toward understanding our relational behaviors and addressing any negative cycles.

How Can Children Develop a Trusting Relationship with Their Parents?

A trusting relationship between children and parents is cultivated through consistent care, emotional attunement, and responsiveness to the child's needs. Parents can foster secure attachment by being physically and emotionally present, offering a safe space for children to express their feelings and experiences, and modeling healthy emotional regulation and communication. Such an environment encourages children to view the world as a safe place and relationships as reliable sources of support and comfort.

Parents can improve or learn parenting skills in a psychotherapy session, where they can discuss their concerns and fears and learn way of self-regulation as a parent. Moreover, they can work through their own attachment style (to better understand the way they relate to their child) and as such repair and improve their parenting bond with their child. 

How Can an Adult Work on Their Trust Issues?

Adults grappling with trust issues can benefit significantly from psychotherapy. Therapies such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Attachment-Based Therapy offer strategies to explore and understand one's attachment history, identify patterns that hinder relationships, and develop healthier coping mechanisms and relationship skills. Psychotherapy provides a supportive space to heal old wounds, build self-esteem, and work towards forming secure, trusting relationships.

How Can a Parent Improve Their Relationship with Their Children?

Improving a parent-child relationship often involves intentional effort to understand and meet the child's emotional needs, foster open communication, and create a nurturing environment. Parents can strengthen their bond by spending quality time together, actively listening to their children's thoughts and feelings, setting consistent yet flexible boundaries, and showing unconditional love and support. 

Education on child development and parenting strategies, possibly through family therapy, individual psychotherapy, or parenting workshops, can also equip parents with tools to build a stronger, more positive relationship with their children.

The threads of childhood attachment weave through the fabric of our lives, influencing our interactions, relationships, and perceptions of love and security. By understanding and addressing the nuances of these early bonds, we unlock the potential for more fulfilling and healthier relationships in adulthood, bridging the gap between past patterns and future possibilities.

Our psychotherapists in Toronto have different cultural backgrounds that allows them to better comprehend the cultural impacts of parenting in each family. Offering psychotherapy in Portuguese, Mandarin, Cantonese, Farsi, French, and English makes it easier for clients from different ethnicities to open up, heal and work through their emotions.

To book an appointment or find out more about our services, contact us here.

What is the Prevalence of Divorce in Canada?

Divorce and separation have become increasingly common phenomena in Canadian society, reflecting changes in social norms, values, and legal frameworks regarding marriage and family life. These changes have profound implications not just for the individuals directly involved but also for their children, whose experiences and perceptions of family dynamics are crucially shaped by these events. As we delve into the complex terrain of mental health issues among children of divorce, understanding the prevalence and context of divorce and separation in Canadian families is a vital starting point.

Statistics Canada's recent findings highlight that the landscape of Canadian families is continuously evolving, with divorce and separation rates presenting a significant aspect of this transformation. While the exact rate fluctuates over time, it's estimated that about 38% of Canadian marriages end in divorce before the 30th anniversary. This statistic underscores the reality that a considerable number of children are experiencing the breakup of their parents' marriage at some point during their upbringing.

The implications of these figures are far-reaching, signaling not just changes in the institution of marriage but also shifts in the familial environment in which children grow and develop. The prevalence of divorce and separation has led to a greater focus on the needs and well-being of children who find themselves navigating these challenging waters. This demographic reality has spurred societal, academic, and policy-driven interests in understanding and mitigating the impacts of family dissolution on the youngest members of society.

From a developmental standpoint, children's perceptions of divorce and separation are deeply influenced by their cognitive, emotional, and social developmental stages. Young children, for example, may not fully grasp the complexities of their parents' relationship but can experience a profound sense of loss, confusion, and insecurity. These feelings often stem from disruptions in their daily routines and the emotional turmoil they witness in their family environment.

As children grow older, their understanding of divorce becomes more nuanced, but the emotional ramifications can be equally challenging. Adolescents may experience heightened feelings of anger, betrayal, or guilt, as they are more capable of grasping the reasons behind the separation but may struggle with conflicting loyalties and concerns about their own future relationships.

Are You Getting A Divorce?

Navigating the delicate process of sharing the news of separation with children requires sensitivity, honesty, and a thoughtful approach that is attuned to their emotional and developmental needs. Here's how parents can approach this difficult conversation and support their children through the transition:

What is The Best Way of Sharing the News with Children?

- Plan Ahead: Decide on the timing and setting. It's best to choose a moment when the children are not rushed or likely to be distracted. A calm, private setting where they feel safe is ideal.

- Present a United Front: If possible, both parents should be present to explain the situation. This helps convey that, despite the changes, parental support and love will continue.

- Keep it Simple and Clear: Use age-appropriate language to explain the situation. Emphasize that the separation is a decision between adults and is not the child's fault.

- Reassure Them: Assure them of the unchanging love both parents have for them and that their needs will continue to be a priority.

How Can Parents Share the News with Teenagers?

- Acknowledge Their Maturity: Teenagers can understand complex emotions and situations, so it's important to be more detailed while still avoiding blaming or negative comments about the other parent.

- Encourage Questions: Let them express their feelings and thoughts, and be ready to answer their questions honestly, while keeping the discussion appropriate and avoiding oversharing adult issues.

- Offer Reassurance: Stress that their relationship with both parents will continue and that they will be kept informed about future changes.

What are Normal Reactions to the News of Divorce?

Normal reactions can vary widely but often include:

- Sadness and Tears: An emotional release upon hearing the news.

- Anger: Feelings of anger towards the situation or parents.

- Confusion: Questions about what will change in their lives.

- Worry: Concerns about practical matters like living arrangements or school.

- Withdrawal: Some children might withdraw and need time to process the information. You may notice they go back to play their video game or play with their Legos and avoid having further discussion.

What are the Concerning Reactions to the News of Divorce?

- Extended Periods of Depression or Anxiety: Persistent sadness, withdrawal, or significant changes in eating or sleeping patterns.

- Behavioral Problems: Significant changes in behavior at home or school, including aggression.

- Self-Harm or Talk of Suicide: Any signs of self-harm or suicidal ideation require immediate attention.

How Can Parents Help Children Process the News?

- Open Communication: Keep the lines of communication open, allowing children to come back with questions or to discuss their feelings whenever they need to.

- Stability and Routine: Maintain routines as much as possible to provide a sense of stability.

- Support Their Emotions: Acknowledge their feelings and validate their right to feel upset or confused.

- Professional Support: Consider seeking support from a psychotherapist or counselor experienced in family dynamics and children's issues.

When Should Parents Seek Therapy for their Children After a Divorce?

Every parent knows their child best. If you have seen any major and consistent changes in your child or have noticed that your child “is not being themselves”, discuss the possibility of talking to a psychotherapist. Parents can seek psychotherapy for their children when they notice:

- Concerning Reactions Persist: If the child's reaction intensifies or does not improve over time.

- Significant Impact on Daily Life: When the child's ability to function in daily activities is significantly affected.

- Request for Help: If the child or teenager expresses a desire to talk to someone outside the family, like a therapist or counselor.

Art therapy is often used for children after a divorce as it allows them to express their emotions and thoughts in a non-verbal yet therapeutic way. Psychotherapy is often used for teenagers after a divorce as it allows them to process their emotions and thoughts in a non-judgemental space while exploring how the new life situation is impacting their mind, personal interactions, and perceptions.

In essence, navigating a family's transition through separation or divorce involves a delicate balance of openness, support, and attentiveness to the children's emotional and psychological needs. Recognizing the signs of distress and seeking professional help when necessary are crucial steps in fostering resilience and healing.

To book an appointment with one of our art therapists or psychotherapists, email us at Admin@therapediacentre.com

What is Grief?

Grief is a complex emotional response to loss, often profound and deeply personal. It encompasses a range of feelings from deep sadness to anger, and the process varies greatly from one individual to another. Grief can follow the loss of a loved one, the end of a significant relationship, or other major life changes.

Exploring Grief Across Different Ages and Through Various Methods

What is childhood grief?

Childhood grief refers to how children experience and process the loss. Unlike adults, children’s understanding and expression of grief can be vastly different, often influenced by their developmental stage, emotional maturity, and the support they receive.

Processing grief during childhood is crucial. Unaddressed grief can significantly impact a child’s emotional and mental development. Early intervention helps in managing feelings of loss in a healthy way, thereby fostering resilience and preventing long-term psychological issues.

What Are the typical signs of grief in a child?

– Emotional Signs: Sadness, anger, confusion, fear, or withdrawal.

– Behavioral Changes: Changes in eating or sleeping patterns, regressive behaviors (like bedwetting), or loss of interest in activities.

– Physical Symptoms: Complaints of unexplained aches and pains.

What are the typical signs of grief in teenagers?

Teenagers might process grief with a mix of child-like and adult-like reactions. They may seek more independence in their grief, sometimes isolating themselves or engaging in risk-taking behaviors. Others might talk more openly about their feelings or seek support from peers.

Note that while teenagers might share some general signs of grief, not every individual will have the same reactions. As such, checking in with your teenager and monitoring changes in their mood and behaviors, and having honest and transparent conversations are recommended.

What are the signs of grieving in adults ?

When an adult is grieving, their experience can manifest through a myriad of signs that encompass emotional, behavioral, physical, cognitive, and social changes. Emotionally, they may grapple with deep sadness, anger, guilt, anxiety, or even a sense of numbness, and sometimes, a conflicting sense of relief, especially following prolonged illnesses.

Behaviorally, this might translate into social withdrawal, disruptions in daily routines like sleep and eating patterns, frequent crying, and a neglect of personal care or an inclination towards risky behaviors. Physically, the grief can present as fatigue, unexplained aches, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbances.

Cognitively, they may struggle with concentrating, be preoccupied with thoughts of the loss, experience hallucinations of the deceased, or show memory lapses. Socially, grief often strains relationships, leading to a sense of disconnection and avoidance of reminders of the loss.

These symptoms, while common, can vary greatly and are part of a natural response to loss, though prolonged or severe cases may warrant professional support.

How does anyone express their grieving non-verbally?

Non-verbal grieving can include expressions like drawing, writing, or physical activities. These outlets provide a way to process grief when finding the right words is challenging.

Does Art Therapy help children process their Grief?

Art therapy can be a powerful tool for children dealing with grief. It allows for the expression of emotions that might be too difficult to verbalize. Interestingly, art therapy is also beneficial for adults, offering a creative outlet to explore and process complex emotions associated with grief.

Does Psychotherapy help Teenagers process their Grief?

Psychotherapy can be extremely beneficial for grieving teenagers. It offers a safe space to explore their emotions and develop coping strategies. Therapists can tailor approaches to suit the unique needs of teenagers, helping them process grief in a healthy way.

Does Psychotherapy help Parents Process their Grief?

Adults, including parents experiencing grief, can find solace in psychotherapy. It helps in navigating the complex emotions of loss, providing support, and offering strategies to cope with the grief process. Psychotherapy can be particularly helpful in addressing feelings of guilt, unresolved issues, or finding ways to maintain a connection with the deceased.

Can Art Therapy Help Adults Process their Grief?

Art therapy can be highly effective in helping adults process their grief. It provides a creative outlet for expressing emotions that might be difficult to articulate verbally, facilitating a deeper exploration of feelings associated with loss. Through various art forms, individuals can externalize and visualize their grief, offering a unique and therapeutic way to confront and work through complex emotions.

This process not only aids in emotional catharsis but also helps in understanding and integrating the experience of loss, promoting healing and personal growth. As such, art therapy is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in grief counseling for adults.

Our psychotherapists in Toronto, often combine art therapy interventions with psychotherapy approaches to help adults with their grieving journey.

In sum:

Grief, though a universal experience, varies widely in its expression and impact. Recognizing and addressing grief in children and teenagers is crucial for their emotional health and development. Similarly, adults, including parents dealing with loss, benefit from therapeutic interventions like psychotherapy and art therapy. These approaches offer compassionate pathways to navigate the difficult journey of grief, fostering healing and resilience across all ages.

Why do immigrant women would benefit from psychotherapy?

Immigrant women in Canada represent a diverse mosaic of cultures, each bringing their unique perspectives and experiences to the fabric of Canadian society. Despite the opportunities and promises that migration offers, these women often face multifaceted challenges that can significantly impact their mental well-being. Their journey is not just a physical relocation but a complex navigation through new social, cultural, and economic landscapes. This transition, while offering potential for personal growth and new beginnings, can also bring forth a myriad of mental health issues. The role of psychotherapy becomes crucial in this context, offering a supportive space for immigrant women to process their experiences, build resilience, and integrate effectively into their new environment.

Mental health issues among immigrant women are as varied as their backgrounds. They may struggle with anxiety, depression, identity crises, and trauma, often exacerbated by factors such as cultural dissonance, language barriers, and social isolation. The stress of adapting to a new culture, coupled with the pressure of maintaining ties to their homeland, can create a unique set of psychological challenges. 

Additionally, immigrant women may face systemic barriers, discrimination, and limited access to resources, further complicating their mental health landscape. Psychotherapy, therefore, not only offers a therapeutic intervention but also a culturally sensitive understanding of their experiences, promoting healing and empowerment.

What are the challenges of single immigrant women in Toronto?

Single immigrant women in Toronto face a unique set of challenges that stem from their status as immigrants, compounded by their singleness. Firstly, there is the struggle of economic independence. Many single immigrant women may find themselves in a position where they have to solely support themselves financially. This can be daunting, especially if they are also responsible for family members back home. They often face job market barriers, such as recognition of foreign credentials and language proficiency issues, leading to underemployment or employment in low-paying jobs.

Social isolation is another significant challenge. Without the support of a partner or a local social network, these women may find it difficult to navigate the complexities of a new social environment. This isolation can be exacerbated if they face language barriers or discrimination based on their immigrant status or ethnicity.

Mental health becomes a critical issue under these pressures. Single immigrant women are at a higher risk of experiencing anxiety, depression, and stress due to their circumstances. They often lack a support system to share their burdens or may feel hesitant to seek help due to cultural stigmas surrounding mental health.

Furthermore, the challenge of balancing cultural identity and assimilation is profound. They may struggle with maintaining their cultural traditions while trying to adapt to Canadian society, leading to an identity crisis. 

What are the challenges of immigrant women with families in Canada?

Immigrant women who arrive in Toronto with their families face a different set of challenges compared to their single counterparts. Firstly, the responsibility of family caregiving often falls disproportionately on women. This can limit their opportunities for employment, education, and social engagement, thereby impacting their economic independence and personal growth.

Immigrant women also face the challenge of navigating the education and health systems for their families. Understanding and accessing services for their children, such as schooling and healthcare, can be daunting, especially if there are language barriers or cultural differences in how these services are accessed and provided.

Another significant challenge is the emotional and psychological burden of ensuring the well-being of their family in a new environment. They may experience stress and anxiety over their partner's or children's ability to adapt, perform in school, or find employment. The pressure to maintain cultural traditions within the family while assimilating into Canadian society adds an additional layer of complexity to their experience.

Moreover, immigrant women with families may face barriers to accessing resources and support for themselves. Their focus on family needs might lead to neglect of their own health and well-being, including their mental health. Finding time and resources for self-care, including seeking psychotherapy, can be challenging amidst family responsibilities.

What are the challenges of refugee women in Toronto?

Refugee women in Toronto face a distinct set of challenges that are often more acute than other immigrant groups. Firstly, many refugee women arrive with experiences of trauma, including war, violence, or persecution. This trauma can have long-lasting effects on their mental health, leading to conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety.

The uncertainty and precariousness of their legal status as refugees can be a significant source of stress and anxiety. The process of seeking asylum and the fear of deportation can create a constant state of insecurity and instability for these women and their families.

Moreover, refugee women often face higher levels of poverty and limited access to resources. They may have limited language skills and lack the social and economic networks that other immigrant women might have, further isolating them from the community and resources.

The challenge of integration is also more pronounced for refugee women. They may struggle with cultural dissonance more acutely, having often been forced to leave their home countries under distressing circumstances. Adapting to a new culture while dealing with the trauma of their past can be an overwhelming experience.

Access to healthcare, including mental health services, is another significant challenge. Refugee women might face barriers in accessing health services due to lack of information, language barriers, and a general unfamiliarity with the healthcare system in Canada. There may also be cultural stigmas attached to seeking help for mental health issues, further complicating their willingness to seek support. Although refugees in Toronto can benefit from free psychotherapy and health care, they often don’t have the information as where to start the search.

How can psychotherapy help immigrant mothers?

Psychotherapy can be immensely beneficial for immigrant mothers in becoming healthier parents to their children. Immigrant mothers often face the dual challenge of adapting to a new culture themselves while also guiding their children through this process. This dual burden can lead to high levels of stress, anxiety, and even depression, impacting their parenting abilities.

Through psychotherapy, immigrant mothers can receive support in dealing with their own mental health challenges. This support is crucial in helping them develop coping mechanisms and strategies to deal with stress and anxiety. A healthier mental state enables them to be more present and emotionally available for their children, fostering a more nurturing and stable home environment.

Psychotherapy also offers a space for these mothers to process their experiences of migration and cultural adjustment. Understanding and working through their feelings about these changes can help them guide their children more effectively through similar challenges. It can also assist them in reconciling the differences between their culture of origin and Canadian culture, enabling them to provide a more integrated and balanced perspective to their children.

Moreover, psychotherapy can be instrumental in building parenting skills that are sensitive to the unique challenges faced by immigrant families. It can provide insights into how cultural differences might affect family dynamics and child-rearing practices, helping mothers adapt their parenting to better suit their new environment while still maintaining a connection to their cultural roots.

The empowerment aspect of psychotherapy cannot be overstated. By gaining greater self-awareness and self-confidence through therapy, immigrant mothers can become more effective advocates for themselves and their children, navigating the education and healthcare systems more effectively and accessing necessary resources for their family’s well-being.

How can you find a psychotherapist who speaks your language in Toronto?

The challenge of finding a psychotherapist who speaks one's language in Toronto can be a significant barrier for immigrant women seeking mental health services. Language is not just a tool for communication but also a medium through which individuals express their emotions and experiences. When psychotherapy is conducted in a client's native language, it can facilitate a deeper understanding and connection between the therapist and the client. Moreover, the scarcity of multilingual therapists can lead to longer wait times and difficulties in accessing timely mental health support.

One way to find a psychotherapist who speaks your language is to search by language on directories like psychology today. Ask your family doctor if they know of a mental health provider who speaks your language. Often, psychotherapists, network with family doctors for referrals and as such, your family doctor may have a few names on hand. Most importantly, don’t underestimate the power of word of mouth. Ask your family and friends if they have or if they know of a psychotherapist who speaks your language. You will be surprised by their answers.

How can refugee women receive free psychotherapy in Toronto?

Refugee women in Toronto can access free psychotherapy through various programs and initiatives designed to support newcomers and refugees. These programs often provide services that are sensitive to the cultural and linguistic needs of refugees. However, awareness about these services can be limited among the refugee population, and navigating the healthcare system to find these resources can be daunting. Efforts to increase awareness and simplify access to these services are crucial in ensuring that refugee women receive the mental health support they need.

If you have a social worker or work with a volunteer at the refugee centre, talk to them about your need to see a psychotherapist in your language. They can help you in searching for psychotherapists who speak languages other than English in Toronto and can even make the initial phone call for you.

In sum, seeking mental health support, with or without the presence of a serious mental health issue, can help immigrant and refugee women overcome the difficulties of the new phase of life in the new come country. 

What is art therapy? 

Art therapy is a modality, in which art and psychology are combine to address the presenting emotional and behavioral difficulties. The focus of art therapy sessions is often on exploring emotions, thoughts, and behaviors from a symbolic way, in which clients are not obliged to verbalize their thoughts or how they are feeling; rather, they will be guided to explore how their thoughts and emotions are impacting their day to day behavior. In this approach to therapy, clients are walked through their worries, fears, and distress in order to find the light at the end of the tunnel and regain their inner peace. Art therapy is beneficial for children, teenagers, adults and families.

How can Indigenous children benefit from art therapy?

Are you feeling anxious? Has your child experienced trauma? Is your teenager feeling depressed?

Indigenous children and youth can benefit from art therapy as it is a non-threatening, non-verbal approach, in which clients are encouraged to describe themselves, their family dynamic, their interpersonal difficulties, their fears, worries, and anxiety through the lens of an artistic work. In an art therapy session, children can make sense out of unexpected life events such as sudden death of a loved one or parents’ separation with art and play. Moreover, self-image and body issues can be explored in a less intimidating manner, where clients will be given the opportunity to illustrate their issues rather than verbalizing them. 

Finally, self-esteem and self-confidence, emotion regulation and task management skills will be improved with the individualized art therapy interventions. 

Are you looking for online or in person art therapy in Montreal?

Montreal Art Therapy Centre has been collaborating and working with the Cree Health Board, First Nations communities across Northern Quebec, as well as the Mohawk communities in Montreal. 

We provide in person art therapy sessions in Montreal, Pointe-Claire, and Brossard. We also provide online art therapy sessions to clients, who cannot travel to the offices. Moreover, our art therapists provide online art therapy to children and youth in the First Nations communities, where travelling may be a limitation. We also offer are therapy visits to communities upon the request of the local directors of communities.

How to get free art therapy services in Montreal?

Indigenous children and youth under the age of 18 can get free art therapy services by registering for the government fund for mental health services. You or your legal caregiver can fill out the request for the mental health services by submitting an invoice and a letter of support from a professional who can attest to the needs of the child/youth. To find out of your eligibility, please visit this website.

For any further questions, email us at info@montrealarttherapy.com or call us at 514-999-3414.

With the rapid increase of child and adolescent cases of anxiety, parents are scrambling trying to help their children from falling deeper. Some of the most widely used methods of coping with anxiety are cognitive behavioral therapy and art therapy as well as common medications. Although there is evidence that both approaches work, only half of the children respond to these treatments. What happens to the other half?

This question led researchers to look for other methods to help children combat anxiety. A team at Yale has found an interesting solution: help parents change their strategies. The SPACE (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions) program, which was a result of a study at Yale University, is suggesting that parents should focus more on helping and teaching their children how to manage their anxieties. Moving away from more authoritarian parenting styles from the past, many caregivers today try to eliminate their children’s anxiety completely, which might be doing them harm. For example, if the child suffers from separation anxiety the parents sleep with the child, or if the child has social anxiety and no social activities will be planned. By avoiding situations that produce stress, the cycle of anxiety is not broken but instead reinforced. Children need to be guided and shown how to manage and function, as best as they can, in anxiety-provoking situations. This provides a long-term solution, in which the nervousness will eventually decrease. On the other hand, taking the child away from any anxiety-provoking situation will only help temporarily. In the long run, the child will not learn how to properly approach an anxious situation.

Now, helping an anxious child isn’t easy. Of course, parents only want the best for them but sometimes it can be frustrating. To help children develop skills to better approach their fears and anxieties, you can try the following tips:

It is important to have a balance between respecting and validating children’s feelings but not validating their anxiety-provoking thoughts. For example, it’s important to affirm that having to present a project in front of the whole class is anxiety provoking but thinking that everyone is going to make fun of the presentation is not valid.

Children have many fears, but with the patient and loving guidance of their parents, they can understand that an obstacle can be overcome. Talk about your daily obstacles and how you managed them or are trying to manage them, to model perseverance.

Making statements like they won’t fail a test, or their friends won’t laugh at their show-and-tell, are powerful statements that the child might depend on, and if they don’t end up being true, will induce anxiety. Instead, parents can tell the child that they will be ok, and that things can be worked out and managed, showing room for improvement.

Parents can sit down with the children and help them formulate a plan for scary situations. Coming up with a course of action, can serve as a soothing activity that also teaches them strategies to handle their anxieties.

There are a lot of things to consider when trying to help your child, but parents should not forget to help themselves as well. Learning how to deal and manage our stress in a healthy way as parents, will serve as a guideline for our children.

Our therapists at Montreal Art Therapy Centre are trained in providing parenting skills to help understand anxiety in children. Call us for more information at  514-999-3414.

By: Mihaela Zlatanovska

Edit by: Reyhane Namdari

In the past, marriage and starting a family were some goals that people strived towards because of societal expectations. Today, there has been a large shift away from marriage to common-law relationships and divorce rates have increased. With divorce, parents now need to learn a skill that they didn’t think they would have to: co-parenting. Co-parenting involves both parents playing an active role in the children’s life to further healthy development.

High-risk divorces, unfortunately, inflict the most damage to parents, children and the court systems. High-risk divorces are categorized by parents that have intense disagreements, lack cooperationand are in constant litigation processes. Other characteristics include hostility, distrustand dysfunctional co-parenting. Sometimes, the children’s wellbeing and needs are forgotten because of the painful experience of a divorce. Research has shown that high-conflict divorces lead to an increase in social and emotional maladjustment as well as academic problems in the affected children.

So, if you’re in this situation, what options do you have?

Today, there are dozens of different types of help that can be used by parents, who are going through a separation/divorce. Therapy and consulting with a therapist are helpful ways of dealing with the emotional burden of divorce. Therapy can be helpful in teaching parents how to break the news to their children, how to answer their children’s questions or manage their reactions, and identify manipulative behaviors in children. Teenagers reaction to divorce are different than younger children, yet not everyone’s initial reaction would be the same (e.g., sadness and tears). Therapists can help parents identify which behaviors are considered “normal reactions” and which ones could possibly be problematic.

Research has shown that when parents receive professional help, there is a reduction in their arguments and an improvement in their communication. When parents receive professional help, their children are less likely to be caught in the middle of their arguments and experience less stress. When children receive therapy (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy or Art and Play Therapy), they are given a place to have their voices (e.g., fears, stressors, sorrows) heard while experiencing and gaining a sense of control of their lives.

No marriage or divorce is the same, but they greatly affect the development of the children in either a positive or negative way. Learning to co-parent is a difficult task, but with the right help, agreements can be reached where all the parties’ voices are heard and respected. Our therapists and counsellors in Montreal, West Island, and Brossard are ready to help you achieve balance in your family once again.

To obtain more information about our therapy services for children and divorced parents, visit our website at http://www.montrealarttherapy.com/services/

Written by: Mihaela Zlatanovska

Edited by: Reyhane Namdari

To be stressed out and feel that there is never enough time to do all the assignments and readings, not missing classes, and maintain a good enough average are all normal parts of a university student’s life. But when lack of time management and organizational skills are added to this combination, it sometimes feels impossible to get through semesters.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, widely known as ADHD, affects 5% of children around the world and 4% of adults. Of the children, 8% of them will remain impaired in adolescence and a scary 60% will keep their diagnosis into adulthood. Although it is a disorder that has been widely believed to only affect children, an alarming number of adults suffer from a form of ADHD. Research into how ADHD affects college and university students has only started to emerge in the 1970s. Before that, it was believed that children “outgrew” their disability. But now we know that’s not true!

How Can ADHD Affect Academic Success?

Research has found that a majority of individuals with ADHD have the cognitive and mental capacity to succeed academically. However, the secondary behavioral and emotional symptoms of ADHD could negatively affect their academic performance:

Time management is one of the most important skills that college and university students should develop but ADHD can hinder that, affecting their academic performance negatively

Some students with ADHD achieve good grades in high school, but in college and/or university, the demands increase, and the students can’t keep up and start declining academically

School dropout is high among individuals with ADHD

Additional mental health disorders and problems with self esteem

Impulsive behaviors (substance abuse, automobile accidents and sustaining injuries)

ADHD and Life Satisfaction Among College/University Students

Studies have found that students who reported having symptoms of ADHD, reported lower levels of life satisfaction. Experts believe that it’s not the ADHD symptoms per se, that affect satisfaction with life; rather it’s the emotional and social symptoms associated with ADHD that negatively impact individuals. Certain symptoms play a negative role in a student’s life; self-consciousness and trouble with self-esteem, anxiety and depression are among the main issues.

Where to Get Help? 

The first step is conducting a cognitive or comprehensive test for a proper diagnosis of ADHD. A comprehensive test for ADHD is done by a psychologist to assess the person’s strengths and weaknesses. Following this, the right approach and treatment can be recommended to help the student better manage the symptoms. Some schools give students with ADHD (as well as learning disabilities) extra time on tests, extension of assignment deadlines, help with note taking and possibility of being placed in a separate room during tests to minimize distractions. 

Medication is a widely known and prescribed solution to ADHD. However, studies have found that combining medication with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) helps the students even more! Applying CBT techniques in therapy helps students 1) improve their organizational skills (and planning), 2) learn techniques of reducing distractibility and 3) improve adaptive thinking. Moreover, therapy would help students improve the following:

Prioritization of work

Time management skills

Completing tasks to the best of their abilities

Manage anxiety

If you are struggling at school (high school, college, university) but not sure whether to go for a full assessment or not, you can see our psychologist for a screening assessment to determine whether you are qualified for a full assessment or not. Call us at 514-999-3414 or email a at info@montrealarttherapy.comto inquire about our assessment services at Montreal Art Therapy Centre.

Author: Mihaela Zlatnovska

Edited by: Reyhane Namdari

Children do not come to therapy out of free will! They are there because someone else [be a parent, a teacher, or an educator] have found an “issue” with their behavior. Moreover, they often do not know the reason behind their anxiety or anger episodes, their lack of motivation in doing homework, or lack of desire to follow the rules! 

Combining art therapy and CBT improves the child’s engagement in therapy and has the following advantages: 

An art activity is always a great ice breaker! Children might not feel comfortable talking to an adult about their family and/or school (in the first session), but it’s easier to express it in a drawing. Even if a kid is not the biggest fan of drawing, making a piece with colorful modeling clay could be an option.

Understanding the relationship between thoughts, emotions, and consequent behaviors is always much easier once explained through art and play. Having pre-made images to explain the correlation and then engaging the child in creating his/her own version of this correlation make the concept better understood.

Through story-making, character-making, and mask-making , children can practice CBT tools and techniques. 

Problem-solving skills, fine motor skills, abstract thinking, and practice of patience are inevitable when art activities are present.

Art activities help improve children’s understanding of facial expressions, moods, and emotions. 

Children leave the session with a souvenir; a reminder of the topics that were discussed.

Art therapy and CBT would be useful for a child who might have

Anxiety

Anger issues

Sadness and depression

Phobias

ADHD and Learning Disabilities

History of trauma or domestic violence

Separated or divorced parents

History of being bullied or being a bully

Adjustment disorders

Lack of self-esteem and self-confidence

Perfectionists

Electronic dependencies

Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior (OCD)

Art therapy and CBT are recommended by many pediatricians, pediatric psychiatrists, teachers, and principals. Contact us via http://www.montrealarttherapy.com/contact-us/ to find out more about our art therapy services in Montreal, Brossard, and West Island.

If you are a college or university student, did you ever experience stress-related somatic problems, lack of concentration and focus, lack of motivation, insomnia, excessive worrying, or negative self-talk (e.g., I don’t get this, I shouldn’t have applied to this program, I’m not as smart as other students)? Well, the good news is that you are not alone. Many college and university students experience these symptoms as a result of excessive and continuous stress during the academic year.

September through May might not be a significant time for many, but for college and university students it’s a beginning of a new academic year, which means countless hours at the library and in front of computers, presentations, exams, assignments, internship and practicum, and for some it means graduation and having to apply for a job. While stress, lack of sleep, bad diet, anxiety, and pressure to keep up with class average are inevitable during this period, they could negatively affect the quality of life of students. 

Visiting a therapist during the school year can help reduce the stress by identifying the triggers, developing skills such as time management and organizational skills, finding a balance between “down time” and “study time”, and learning to adjust to the new routine. At Montreal Art Therapy Centre, we offer individual and group sessions to students to provide support during the school year. With our offices in Montreal, West Island, and Brossard, and with weekday and weekends appointments, we do our best to offer flexible hours to college and university students. 

To obtain more information on our student fee, please contact us on our website http://www.montrealarttherapy.com,  Instagram or facebook page https://www.facebook.com/Mtlarttherapy/.

Author: Reyhane Namdari 

We often receive inquiries about cognitive assessments for children. We tried to answer some of the main questions that parents have about these assessments.

The point of cognitive assessments is to determine the relative strengths and weaknesses of students while determining their problem-solving skills, time-management skills, verbal abilities, memory, among other cognitive abilities.

Who might benefit from a cognitive assessment?

• Learning difficulty or disability:Students who have difficulty performing on their grade level (reading, writing, math), have difficulty remembering, paying attention or staying organized, and have poor coordination will benefit from cognitive assessments to examine a possibility of having a learning difficulty or disability.
• Intellectual Giftedness:Students who perform above their grade’s average (math, reading), exhibit superior judgement and reasoning skills, and advanced abstract and critical thinking can be tested for intellectual giftedness.
• Intellectual difficulty or disability:Children who demonstrate slow mastery of tasks such as potty training, dressing and feeding themselves, difficulty remembering things and connecting actions with consequences will benefit from having a cognitive assessment to determine an intellectual difficulty or disability.

What is the benefit of a cognitive assessment?

• Cognitive assessments help identifying the most effective learning methods for students. Teachers can modify the curriculum to meet the needs of every student, regardless of the student’s weaknesses, limitations, and strengths. Theresults of these tests can also help developing the Individualized Education Plans (IEP) for students.
• Cognitive assessments are also used to determine whether a student can skip a grade or can start kindergarten earlier.
• Bilingual and trilingual children and immigrant children, whose first language is not English or French, might face difficulty in school. Cognitive assessments for these children can help rule out learning disabilities, identify strengths, and provide recommendations for teachers as how to help the students perform their best.

What is the procedure?

• Cognitive assessments require the administration of standardized psychometric tools by accredited psychologists.
• Cognitive assessments often take between 3 to 4 hours, which can be done in more than one day.
• The psychologist administers a series of tests to assess various areas of cognitive capacity, such as verbal comprehension, visual spatial, fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.
• A final report that includes the diagnosis [if needed] and recommendations for school, college/university, or workplace will be provided.

Is it covered by insurance?

You will be provided with a receipt for psychology, which most insurance companies accept. It is up to you to verify with your insurance to ensure the percentage and/or amount of coverage.

Assessment Tools at Montreal Art Therapy Centre

There are various cognitive assessment tools that are used for various purposes and age groups. Currently, we are using the following assessment tool:

Weschsler Intelligence Scales for Children- Fifth Ediction (WISC-V, Canadian Standard) for children aged 6- 16 years.

To obtain more information, check out our website at http://www.montrealarttherapy.com. You can also contact us via info@montrealarttherapy.com or by phone at 514-999-3414 for an initial consultation with our school psychologist.

By: Reyhane Namdari

Anger is a common and universal emotion, which is often referred to as a secondary emotion, because it serves to protect us from other vulnerable feelings. Clinicians and researchers believe that anger covers a primary emotion such as sadness, fear, or anxiety.

Our behavioral therapists also believe that children and adolescents with anger issues are most probably dealing with a primary uncomfortable emotion (sadness, fear, anxiety). As such, our individual art therapy sessions for children are aimed to provide an outlet to explore emotions, gain a sense of control over emotions, and learn not to avoid the uncomfortable feelings.

Evidence-based research supports the competence of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in addressing anger issues in adolescents. It’s also believed that combing CBT and mindfulness exercises increase the results of anger management therapy. Our anger management groups for teenagers in Montreal and Pointe-Claire have been tailored to combine CBT, mindfulness exercises , and art therapy techniques to provide a unique opportunity for adolescents to identify the negative thought patterns and anger triggers, learn how to challenge them, recognize the physical sensation of anger in their body, learn to accept thoughts and feelings, and use nonverbal techniques to explore and express emotions.

To obtain further information on our individual and group anger management sessions, contact us at info@montrealarttherapy.com or at 514-999-3414.

By: Reyhane Namdari

Let’s reflect on your past year: How many phone calls did you have from your son’s school? How many behavioral notes were written in your daughter’s agenda? How many parent-teacher meetings did not go your ideal way?

For most parents, it is difficult to admit that their child may need therapy for their behavioral problems. Signs that your child might benefit from art and play therapy or behavioral therapy include: excessive crying, difficulty following rules, lack of concentration, insomnia, sibling rivalry, anger and aggressive behavior, change in appetite, excessive worrying, isolation, difficulty maintaining friendships, lack of self-esteem and self-confidence, change in academic functioning, negative attitude towards parents, friends or life in general. Some of these symptoms could be presented simultaneously.

Our child therapists evaluate the behaviors and target the presenting problems in a few sessions. While parents’ participation in therapy is required, our behavioral therapists believe that children’s involvement is eminent; it’s through expressive arts and behavioral therapy that they find alternative ways of thinking and learn new behaviors.

The truth is that having a behavioral therapist for your child increases the quality time that you can spend together. You can read together, play, and do fun activities rather than spending hours to yell, discipline, and think of innovative punishments.

If you are contemplating on seeking professional help, visit us at www.montrealarttherapy.com and talk to one of our child therapists.

By: Reyhane Namdari

Just how the family influences a child’s development, the child also has an impact on his/her family. Now, a child with a disability has a special effect on his/her family, as the disability can become a source of stress for the parents, siblings, and the family in general. In such moments, consistent parenting and remaining as a unified team can bring more harmony and peace to families.

Researchers believe having a child with a disability can have a number of effects on families; parental guilt, marital problems, and parenting inconsistency, loss of control (of the household) are just to name a few. In addition, lack of social support, lack of support and negative judgments from extended family, negative interactions with the school, and insufficient service delivery are added on stress on families.

The good news is that a strong support system (extended families, community, school, and society) can reduce the family’s stress. Another positive fact is that siblings of children with disabilities develop more tolerance and are more caring and understanding (of differences) than others. Furthermore, our therapists at Montreal Art Therapy believe that acquiring new parenting skills can help reduce tension around the house while it helps develop a fair rule-making system for all the children.

We believe that parents should not feel defeated or stigmatized by their child’s diagnosis or a disability; rather, they should speak up about it and advocate for their child. If you need support for yourself or your child… if you are not certain of the types of services that could benefit your child with a disability… or if you feel alone on this journey, we will be happy to help you along. Visit our website at http://www.montrealarttherapy.com/contact-us/ to find out about our locations in Montreal, Pointe-Claire, and Brossard.

Author: Reyhane Namdari

Childhood is an important period of time for human beings. Exposure to traumatic experiences during this time can have negative lifetime effects on children’s mental health. While one may think of trauma as any sort of abuse (physical, sexual, emotional), neglect (emotional and physical), domestic violence or parental incarceration, researchers have indicated peer/sibling assault, bullying, nonsexual assault and witnessing any of the above-mentioned as traumatic experiences as well. Recent studies have found a strong association between adverse childhood experiences and future anxiety disorders, depression, alcohol and substance abuse, suicidal ideation, anger/aggression, and delinquent behavior.

The good news is that early interventions can reduce, if not eliminate, the greater symptoms of trauma. Art therapy and play therapy for children provide an appropriate therapeutic setting for kids to express their trauma-related emotions, re-play the events and make sense out of them. Cognitive behavior therapy for children and adolescents can also help reduce the maladaptive thought patterns related to the negative events. Our art therapists and behavioral therapists in West Island (Montreal) and Yorkville (Toronto) are specialized in working with kids who have experienced early childhood traumas. Visit our website at http://www.montrealarttherapy.com or call us at 514-999-3414 or obtain more information about our services.

Author: Reyhane Namdari

Art therapy is a complementary type of therapy used in combination with other techniques to offer an effective solution to the problems that someone with addiction issues might be facing. Art therapists use the individual's creativity as well as his personal imagination to engage him in art making. The aim is to relax their consciousness and relieve the pressure through different activities such as painting, sculpting, and drawing. Furthermore, even though there are other forms of expressive therapies like music therapy and dance therapy, but what makes art therapy truly an alternative and distinctive treatment is the fact that it uses more traditional forms of art as well as modern photography and sculpture in helping individuals express their emotions.

There is research that proves the efficiency of art therapy, and the use of it in different techniques, like the Gestalt methods, Active imagination, and Third-hand approach. The Gestalt method consists of a specialist working hand in hand with the client and using the artwork as an introduction into a more profound conversation, more generally as a tool to open them up to the vulnerable sides of themselves they tend to push down, because they have to describe the meaning of the specific artwork they created, in a way allowing them to become more comfortable with their inner struggles and release them more efficiently. Active imagination uses the psychological concept of spreading activation. Indeed, by starting with the certain creation, it activates patterns of associations to the concept represented by the artwork in the client’s brain and allowing to open gateways for deep introspection. The Third-hand technique emphasizes on help from the therapist to create the piece of art itself, thus calling it ''Third-hand'', because it is as if the therapist was the third hand involved in the creation, and this allows building a trustful relationship between the subject and the specialist.

Our art therapists in Montreal and West Island offer individual and group art therapy for individuals with addiction issues. Contact us or visit our website at http://montrealarttherapy.com/ for more information!

By: Nariman Namdari

If you’re the parent of a defiant child, you are probably tired of the daily notes you receive regarding your child’s misbehavior at daycare, kindergarten, or school! You have probably felt frustrated, angry, fearful, or embarrassed when your kid is out of control and throws a tantrum at the mall, movies, or a family friend’s house!

While it’s not easy to manage a difficult kid, the following points provides a better understanding of the reasons for such behavior:

• Lack of control can be frustrating. Young kids do not have the power or the say in most of their daily activities. To be fair, parents and instructors decide, if not dictate, everything. Giving your kid a sense of control over small daily matters, such as the color of the clothes he wants to wear or choosing the fruit for their snack, can reduce this frustration.
• Lack of communication skills can also be frustrating. Young kids do not have access to a broad vocabulary. As such, articulating their needs and expressing their feelings is, at times, more difficult than what adults would imagine. Modeling these skills can help reduce their frustration.

While our Montreal art therapists do not overrule the role of nature in kids with difficult personalities, they provide age-appropriate tools to kids to help them develop skills to better express themselves. Moreover, our behavioral therapists in Montreal provide strategies to parents to better deal with their defiant kid.

To book an appointment with an art therapist, do not hesitate to contact us via our website at http://montrealarttherapy.com/

By: Reyhane Namdari/ Art Therapist

Change is an inevitable part of our lives! While some kids embrace change, others find it challenging. One of the changes that kids have to face every year is having a new teacher. For kids, who have a slower pace in bonding with new people, going back to school and not knowing what to expect can be an additional stressor. Parents can help reduce the stress by taking simple steps such as:

• Volunteering to help the teacher before or after school with their child to help him/her have conversations with the teacher about their “favorites”, i.e, jokes, movies, and superheroes.
• Asking your child what they like about the new teacher. Help them focus on what they like and what goes well in class instead of what they don’t like.
• Calming down their fear of “not being liked”. Many kids are afraid that the new teacher might not like them. Remind them of their positive qualities and ask them to repeat this to themselves.

A positive bond between the teacher and your kid leads to a more favorable school perception, increased school performance, and lower levels of school avoidance.

Our behavioral therapists in Montreal can make returning to school an enjoyable event! Visit our website at www.montrealarttherapy.com for more information.

By: Reyhane Namdari/ Art therapist